Some notes for myself about upgrading/updating/migrating my DigitalOcean VPS to a new OS release.
1. Make sure everything's backed up.
2. Create a new VPS (I'm giving these all the same name, with an incrementing integer appended for each new one) and get its IP address. Create it in the same region as the old one.
3. Log in as root and set a few basic things, and create a new user:
hostnamectl set-hostname bright2.samwilson.id.au update-alternatives --config editor adduser sam usermod -aG sudo sam
Add the user's public key to /home/sam/.ssh/authorized_keys (making sure it and its parent directory are owned by the user), and now you can log in as the new user.
4. Disable root login by editing /etc/ssh/sshd_config and setting these:
PermitRootLogin no PasswordAuthentication no PubkeyAuthentication yes
then restarting ssh with sudo service sshd restart
5. Install Apache, MySQL, and PHP:
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https lsb-release ca-certificates sudo wget -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/php.gpg https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list sudo apt update sudo apt install apache2 letsencrypt python-certbot-apache php7.2 php7.2-mbstring php7.2-xml mysql-server mysql-client git
6. Turn off Apache on the old server and run one more backup of the databases.
7. Disconnect the storage volume from the old server. DO docs.
sudo umount --verbose /mnt/volume-sfo2-01/
8. Connect the storage volume to the new server.
$ mkdir -p /mnt/data # Mount your volume at the newly-created mount point: $ mount -o discard,defaults,noatime /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0DO_Volume_volume-sfo2-01 /mnt/data # Change fstab so the volume will be mounted after a reboot $ echo '/dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0DO_Volume_volume-sfo2-01 /mnt/data ext4 defaults,nofail,discard 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
9. Restore all databases:
gunzip < alldb.sql.gz | mysql -u [uname] -p[pass] [dbname]
10. Backups.
18 4 * * 3 /mnt/volume-sfo2-01/backups/backup.sh
11. Other stuff.
## MediaWiki jobs. * * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/mediawiki/maintenance/runJobs.php --wiki=wikiname > /dev/null
post_max_size = 200M upload_max_filesize = 200M opcache.enable=1 opcache.enable_cli=1 opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8 opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000 opcache.memory_consumption=128 opcache.save_comments=1 opcache.revalidate_freq=1
MySQL backup user needs: GRANT SELECT, SHOW VIEW, RELOAD, REPLICATION CLIENT, EVENT, TRIGGER, LOCK TABLES ON *.* TO 'backup'@'localhost';